Pipes and fittings are essential components in plumbing and piping systems, facilitating the efficient transport of fluids and gases across residential, commercial, and industrial settings. Pipes serve as conduits, while fittings—such as elbows, tees, reducers, and couplings—connect different sections, allowing for changes in direction, branching, and size adjustments. These components are manufactured from various materials, including metals like steel and copper, and plastics such as PVC and CPVC, each selected based on the specific requirements of the system, including factors like pressure, temperature, and the nature of the transported substance.

The selection of appropriate pipes and fittings is crucial for the safety and efficiency of any piping system. Properly chosen and installed fittings ensure leak-proof connections, accommodate thermal expansion, and withstand the operational pressures of the system. Regular maintenance and inspection of these components are vital to prevent failures that could lead to costly repairs or system downtime. By understanding the functions and types of pipes and fittings, one can design and maintain a reliable piping infrastructure tailored to specific operational needs.